long din blogging le.din go to skul for a week..wakakaka...cuz my class de malay student cough like seven morning eight morning cry father cry mother(read in hokkien).so i dun go skul lo...haha
|welcome|
DuN forget to leave some comment ..
visitors
Labels
- 6.60 released (1)
- big head (1)
- big heads activity (1)
- do you noe? (1)
- DotA Pics (1)
- GO LAKERS (1)
- in memories of MJ (1)
- lakers had won (1)
- Left 4 DotA (1)
- mcdota (1)
- Nvidia Geforce (1)
Friday, August 14, 2009
Wednesday, August 5, 2009
Monday, August 3, 2009
Sunday, August 2, 2009
DotA Fans Art
These are a few pictures that were drawn by DotA fans that i found.
My favourite female DotA hero---- Lina Inverse - Slayer
Mercurial-Spectre
Crystal Maiden-Rylai Crestfal
Mirana Nightshade-Priestess of the moon
Storm Spirit
Slardar-Silthereen Guard
Soul Keeper
Omniknight-Purist Thunder Wrath
Razor-Lightning Revenant
Posted by HaNn at 5:24 AM 0 comments
Labels: DotA Pics
Wednesday, July 29, 2009
end of doing my folio..
i finally finish doing my history folio...phew!..zzz...so hard...it took away my 3 days of sleep time...==wtf folio...
Posted by HaNn at 1:21 AM 0 comments
Thursday, July 23, 2009
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (pronounced /ˌdaɪ.əˈbiːtiːz/ or /ˌdaɪ.əˈbiːtɨs/; /mɨˈlaɪtəs/ or /ˈmɛlɨtəs/)—often referred to simply as diabetes—is a disease in which the body does not produce enough, or properly respond to, insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas. Insulin is needed to turn sugar and other food into energy. In diabetes, the body either doesn't make enough insulin or can't use its own insulin as well as it should, or both. This causes sugar to accumulate in the blood, often leading to various complications.[2][3] The American Diabetes Association reported in 2009 that there are 23.6 million children and adults in the United States—7.8% of the population, who have diabetes. While an estimated 17.9 million in the US alone have been diagnosed with diabetes, nearly one in four (5.7 million) diabetics are unaware that they have the disease.[3]
Many types of diabetes are recognized:[3] The principal three are:
Type 1: Results from the body's failure to produce insulin. It is estimated that 5-10% of Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. Presently almost all persons with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections.
Type 2: Results from a condition in which the body fails to use insulin properly, combined with relative insulin deficiency. Most Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Many people destined to develop type 2 diabetes spend many years in a state of Pre-diabetes: Termed "America's largest healthcare epidemic,"[4]:10-11, a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. As of 2009 there are 57 million Americans who have pre-diabetes.[5]
Gestational diabetes: Pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high blood sugar (glucose) levels during pregnancy are said to have gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes affects about 4% of all pregnant women. It may precede development of type 2 (or rarely type 1).
Many other forms of diabetes mellitus are categorized separately from these. Examples include congenital diabetes due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of monogenic diabetes.
All forms of diabetes have been treatable since insulin became medically available in 1921, but there is no cure for the common types except a pancreas transplant, although gestational diabetes usually resolves after delivery. Diabetes and its treatments can cause many complications. Acute complications including hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, or nonketotic hyperosmolar coma may occur if the disease is not adequately controlled. Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, chronic renal failure, retinal damage, which can lead to blindness, several types of nerve damage, and microvascular damage, which may cause erectile dysfunction and poor wound healing. Poor healing of wounds, particularly of the feet, can lead to gangrene, and possibly to amputation. Adequate treatment of diabetes, as well as increased emphasis on blood pressure control and lifestyle factors such as not smoking and maintaining a healthy body weight, may improve the risk profile of most of the chronic complications. In the developed world, diabetes is the most significant cause of adult blindness in the non-elderly and the leading cause of non-traumatic amputation in adults, and diabetic nephropathy is the main illness requiring renal dialysis in the United States.[6]
Classification
The term diabetes, without qualification, usually refers to diabetes mellitus, which is associated with excessive sweet urine (known as "glycosuria") but there are several rarer conditions also named diabetes. The most common of these is diabetes insipidus in which the urine is not sweet (insipidus meaning "without taste" in Latin); it can be caused either by kidney (nephrogenic DI) or pituitary gland (central DI) damage. It is a noninfectious disease. Among the body systems affected are the nerve, digestive, circulatory, endocrine and urinary systems.
The term "type 1 diabetes" has universally replaced several former terms, including childhood-onset diabetes, juvenile diabetes, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Likewise, the term "type 2 diabetes" has replaced several former terms, including adult-onset diabetes, obesity-related diabetes, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Beyond these two types, there is no agreed-upon standard nomenclature. Various sources have defined "type 3 diabetes" as, among others, gestational diabetes,[7] insulin-resistant type 1 diabetes (or "double diabetes"), type 2 diabetes which has progressed to require injected insulin, and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (or LADA or "type 1.5" diabetes.[8])
Type 1 diabetes
Main article: Diabetes mellitus type 1
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to a deficiency of insulin. This type of diabetes can be further classified as immune-mediated or idiopathic. The majority of type 1 diabetes is of the immune-mediated variety, where beta cell loss is a T-cell mediated autoimmune attack.[2] There is no known preventive measure which can be taken against type 1 diabetes; it is about 10% of diabetes mellitus cases in North America and Europe (though this varies by geographical location), and is a higher percentage in some other areas. Most affected people are otherwise healthy and of a healthy weight when onset occurs. Sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin are usually normal, especially in the early stages. Type 1 diabetes can affect children or adults but was traditionally termed "juvenile diabetes" because it represents a majority of the diabetes cases in children.
The principal treatment of type 1 diabetes, even in its earliest stages, is the delivery of artificial insulin via injection combined with careful monitoring of blood glucose levels using blood testing monitors. Without insulin, diabetic ketoacidosis often develops which may result in coma or death. Treatment emphasis is now also placed on lifestyle adjustments (diet and exercise) though these cannot reverse the progress of the disease. Apart from the common subcutaneous injections, it is also possible to deliver insulin by a pump, which allows continuous infusion of insulin 24 hours a day at preset levels, and the ability to program doses (a bolus) of insulin as needed at meal times. An inhaled form of insulin was approved by the FDA in January 2006, although it was discontinued for business reasons in October 2007.[9][10] Non-insulin treatments, such as monoclonal antibodies and stem-cell based therapies, are effective in animal models but have not yet completed clinical trials in humans.[11]
Type 1 treatment must be continued indefinitely in essentially all cases. Treatment need not significantly impair normal activities, if sufficient patient training, awareness, appropriate care, discipline in testing and dosing of insulin is taken. However, treatment is burdensome for patients; insulin is replaced in a non-physiological manner, and this approach is therefore far from ideal. The average glucose level for the type 1 patient should be as close to normal (80–120 mg/dl, 4–6 mmol/l) as is safely possible. Some physicians suggest up to 140–150 mg/dl (7-7.5 mmol/l) for those having trouble with lower values, such as frequent hypoglycemic events. Values above 400 mg/dl (20 mmol/l) are sometimes accompanied by discomfort and frequent urination leading to dehydration. Values above 600 mg/dl (30 mmol/l) usually require medical treatment and may lead to ketoacidosis, although they are not immediately life-threatening. However, low levels of blood glucose, called hypoglycemia, may lead to seizures or episodes of unconsciousness and absolutely must be treated immediately, via emergency high-glucose gel placed in the patient's mouth, intravenous administration of dextrose, or an injection of glucagon.
[edit] Type 2 diabetes
Main article: Diabetes mellitus type 2
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized differently and is due to insulin resistance or reduced insulin sensitivity, combined with relatively reduced insulin secretion which in some cases becomes absolute. The defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin almost certainly involves the insulin receptor in cell membranes. However, the specific defects are not known. Diabetes mellitus due to a known specific defect are classified separately. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type.
In the early stage of type 2 diabetes, the predominant abnormality is reduced insulin sensitivity, characterized by elevated levels of insulin in the blood. At this stage hyperglycemia can be reversed by a variety of measures and medications that improve insulin sensitivity or reduce glucose production by the liver. As the disease progresses, the impairment of insulin secretion worsens, and therapeutic replacement of insulin often becomes necessary.
There are numerous theories as to the exact cause and mechanism in type 2 diabetes. Central obesity (fat concentrated around the waist in relation to abdominal organs, but not subcutaneous fat) is known to predispose individuals to insulin resistance. Abdominal fat is especially active hormonally, secreting a group of hormones called adipokines that may possibly impair glucose tolerance. Obesity is found in approximately 55% of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.[12] Other factors include aging (about 20% of elderly patients in North America have diabetes) and family history (type 2 is much more common in those with close relatives who have had it). In the last decade, type 2 diabetes has increasingly begun to affect children and adolescents, probably in connection with the increased prevalence of childhood obesity seen in recent decades in some places.[13] Environmental exposures may contribute to recent increases in the rate of type 2 diabetes. A positive correlation has been found between the concentration in the urine of bisphenol A, a constituent of polycarbonate plastic from some producers, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes.[14]
Type 2 diabetes may go unnoticed for years because visible symptoms are typically mild, non-existent or sporadic, and usually there are no ketoacidotic episodes. However, severe long-term complications can result from unnoticed type 2 diabetes, including renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy, vascular disease (including coronary artery disease), vision damage due to diabetic retinopathy, loss of sensation or pain due to diabetic neuropathy, liver damage from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and heart failure from diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Type 2 diabetes is usually first treated by increasing physical activity, decreasing carbohydrate intake, and losing weight. These can restore insulin sensitivity even when the weight loss is modest, for example around 5 kg (10 to 15 lb), most especially when it is in abdominal fat deposits. It is sometimes possible to achieve long-term, satisfactory glucose control with these measures alone. However, the underlying tendency to insulin resistance is not lost, and so attention to diet, exercise, and weight loss must continue. The usual next step, if necessary, is treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs. Insulin production is initially only moderately impaired in type 2 diabetes, so oral medication (often used in various combinations) can be used to improve insulin production (e.g., sulfonylureas), to regulate inappropriate release of glucose by the liver and attenuate insulin resistance to some extent (e.g., metformin), and to substantially attenuate insulin resistance (e.g., thiazolidinediones). According to one study, overweight patients treated with metformin compared with diet alone, had relative risk reductions of 32% for any diabetes endpoint, 42% for diabetes related death and 36% for all cause mortality and stroke.[15] Oral medication may eventually fail due to further impairment of beta cell insulin secretion. At this point, insulin therapy is necessary to maintain normal or near normal glucose levels.
[edit] Gestational diabetes
Main article: Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) resembles type 2 diabetes in several respects, involving a combination of relatively inadequate insulin secretion and responsiveness. It occurs in about 2%–5% of all pregnancies and may improve or disappear after delivery. Gestational diabetes is fully treatable but requires careful medical supervision throughout the pregnancy. About 20%–50% of affected women develop type 2 diabetes later in life.
Even though it may be transient, untreated gestational diabetes can damage the health of the fetus or mother. Risks to the baby include macrosomia (high birth weight), congenital cardiac and central nervous system anomalies, and skeletal muscle malformations. Increased fetal insulin may inhibit fetal surfactant production and cause respiratory distress syndrome. Hyperbilirubinemia may result from red blood cell destruction. In severe cases, perinatal death may occur, most commonly as a result of poor placental perfusion due to vascular impairment. Induction may be indicated with decreased placental function. A cesarean section may be performed if there is marked fetal distress or an increased risk of injury associated with macrosomia, such as shoulder dystocia.
A 2008 study completed in the U.S. found that more American women are entering pregnancy with preexisting diabetes. In fact the rate of diabetes in expectant mothers has more than doubled in the past 6 years.[16] This is particularly problematic as diabetes raises the risk of complications during pregnancy, as well as increasing the potential that the children of diabetic mothers will also become diabetic in the future.
[edit] Other types
Most cases of diabetes mellitus fall into the two broad etiologic categories of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. However, many types of diabetes mellitus have more specific known causes, and thus fall into more specific categories. As more research is done into diabetes, many patients who were previously diagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes will have their condition reclassified.
Some cases of diabetes are caused by the body's tissue receptors not responding to insulin (even when insulin levels are normal, which is what separates it from type 2 diabetes); this form is very uncommon. Genetic mutations (autosomal or mitochondrial) can lead to defects in beta cell function. Abnormal insulin action may also have been genetically determined in some cases. Any disease that causes extensive damage to the pancreas may lead to diabetes (for example, chronic pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis). Diseases associated with excessive secretion of insulin-antagonistic hormones can cause diabetes (which is typically resolved once the hormone excess is removed). Many drugs impair insulin secretion and some toxins damage pancreatic beta cells. The ICD-10 (1992) diagnostic entity, malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM or MMDM, ICD-10 code E12), was deprecated by the World Health Organization when the current taxonomy was introduced in 1999.[17]
Signs and symptoms
The classical symptoms are polyuria and polydipsia which are, respectively, frequent urination and increased thirst and consequent increased fluid intake. Symptoms may develop quite rapidly (weeks or months) in type 1 diabetes, particularly in children. However, in type 2 diabetes symptoms usually develop much more slowly and may be subtle or completely absent. Type 1 diabetes may also cause a rapid yet significant weight loss (despite normal or even increased eating) and irreducible mental fatigue. All of these symptoms except weight loss can also manifest in type 2 diabetes in patients whose diabetes is poorly controlled, although unexplained weight loss may be experienced at the onset of the disease. Final diagnosis is made by measuring the blood glucose concentration.
When the glucose concentration in the blood is raised beyond its renal threshold, reabsorption of glucose in the proximal renal tubuli is incomplete, and part of the glucose remains in the urine (glycosuria). This increases the osmotic pressure of the urine and inhibits reabsorption of water by the kidney, resulting in increased urine production (polyuria) and increased fluid loss. Lost blood volume will be replaced osmotically from water held in body cells and other body compartments, causing dehydration and increased thirst.
Prolonged high blood glucose causes glucose absorption, which leads to changes in the shape of the lenses of the eyes, resulting in vision changes; sustained sensible glucose control usually returns the lens to its original shape. Blurred vision is a common complaint leading to a diabetes diagnosis; type 1 should always be suspected in cases of rapid vision change, whereas with type 2 change is generally more gradual, but should still be suspected.
Patients (usually with type 1 diabetes) may also initially present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), an extreme state of metabolic dysregulation characterized by the smell of acetone on the patient's breath; a rapid, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing; polyuria; nausea; vomiting and abdominal pain; and any of many altered states of consciousness or arousal (such as hostility and mania or, equally, confusion and lethargy). In severe DKA, coma may follow, progressing to death. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a medical emergency and requires immediate hospitalization.
A rarer but equally severe possibility is hyperosmolar nonketotic state, which is more common in type 2 diabetes and is mainly the result of dehydration due to loss of body water. Often, the patient has been drinking extreme amounts of sugar-containing drinks, leading to a vicious circle in regard to the water loss.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, and many cases of type 2, is usually prompted by recent-onset symptoms of excessive urination (polyuria) and excessive thirst (polydipsia), often accompanied by weight loss. These symptoms typically worsen over days to weeks; about a quarter of people with new type 1 diabetes have developed some degree of diabetic ketoacidosis by the time the diabetes is recognized. The diagnosis of other types of diabetes is usually made in other ways. These include ordinary health screening; detection of hyperglycemia during other medical investigations; and secondary symptoms such as vision changes or unexplainable fatigue. Diabetes is often detected when a person suffers a problem that is frequently caused by diabetes, such as a heart attack, stroke, neuropathy, poor wound healing or a foot ulcer, certain eye problems, certain fungal infections, or delivering a baby with macrosomia or hypoglycemia.
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by recurrent or persistent hyperglycemia, and is diagnosed by demonstrating any one of the following:[17]
Fasting plasma glucose level at or above 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/l).
Plasma glucose at or above 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/l) two hours after a 75 g oral glucose load as in a glucose tolerance test.
Symptoms of hyperglycemia and casual plasma glucose at or above 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/l).
A positive result, in the absence of unequivocal hyperglycemia, should be confirmed by a repeat of any of the above-listed methods on a different day. Most physicians prefer to measure a fasting glucose level because of the ease of measurement and the considerable time commitment of formal glucose tolerance testing, which takes two hours to complete and offers no prognostic advantage over the fasting test.[22] According to the current definition, two fasting glucose measurements above 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/l) is considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus.
Patients with fasting glucose levels from 100 to 125 mg/dL (6.1 and 7.0 mmol/l) are considered to have impaired fasting glucose. Patients with plasma glucose at or above 140 mg/dL or 7.8 mmol/l, but not over 200, two hours after a 75 g oral glucose load are considered to have impaired glucose tolerance. Of these two pre-diabetic states, the latter in particular is a major risk factor for progression to full-blown diabetes mellitus as well as cardiovascular disease.[23]
While not used for diagnosis, an elevated level of glucose irreversibly bound to hemoglobin (termed glycosylated hemoglobin or HbA1c) of 6.0% or higher (the 2003 revised U.S. standard) is considered abnormal by most labs; HbA1c is primarily used as a treatment-tracking test reflecting average blood glucose levels over the preceding 90 days (approximately) which is the average lifetime of red blood cells which contain hemoglobin in most patients. However, some physicians may order this test at the time of diagnosis to track changes over time. The current recommended goal for HbA1c in patients with diabetes is 6.5%.
Screening
Diabetes screening is recommended for many people at various stages of life, and for those with any of several risk factors. The screening test varies according to circumstances and local policy, and may be a random blood glucose test, a fasting blood glucose test, a blood glucose test two hours after 75 g of glucose, or an even more formal glucose tolerance test. Many healthcare providers recommend universal screening for adults at age 40 or 50, and often periodically thereafter. Earlier screening is typically recommended for those with risk factors such as obesity, family history of diabetes, high-risk ethnicity (Hispanic, Native American, Afro-Caribbean, Pacific Islander).[26][27]
Many medical conditions are associated with diabetes and warrant screening. A partial list includes: high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, coronary artery disease, past gestational diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, chronic pancreatitis, fatty liver, hemochromatosis, cystic fibrosis, several mitochondrial neuropathies and myopathies, myotonic dystrophy, Friedreich's ataxia, some of the inherited forms of neonatal hyperinsulinism. The risk of diabetes is higher with chronic use of several medications, including high-dose glucocorticoids, some chemotherapy agents (especially L-asparaginase), as well as some of the antipsychotics and mood stabilizers (especially phenothiazines and some atypical antipsychotics).
People with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes are tested routinely for complications. This includes yearly urine testing for microalbuminuria and examination of the retina of the eye for retinopathy.
Prevention
Type 1 diabetes risk is known to depend upon a genetic predisposition based on HLA types (particularly types DR3 and DR4), an unknown environmental trigger (suspected to be an infection, although none has proven definitive in all cases), and an uncontrolled autoimmune response that attacks the insulin producing beta cells.[28] Some research has suggested that breastfeeding decreased the risk in later life;[29][30] various other nutritional risk factors are being studied, but no firm evidence has been found.[31] Giving children 2000 IU of Vitamin D during their first year of life is associated with reduced risk of type 1 diabetes, though the causal relationship is obscure.[32]
Children with antibodies to beta cell proteins (ie at early stages of an immune reaction to them) but no overt diabetes, and treated with vitamin B-3 (niacin), had less than half the diabetes onset incidence in a 7-year time span as did the general population, and an even lower incidence relative to those with antibodies as above, but who received no vitamin B3.[33]
Type 2 diabetes risk can be reduced in many cases by making changes in diet and increasing physical activity.[34][35] The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends maintaining a healthy weight, getting at least 2½ hours of exercise per week (several brisk sustained walks appear sufficient), having a modest fat intake, and eating sufficient fiber (e.g., from whole grains). The ADA does not recommend alcohol consumption as a preventive, but it is interesting to note that moderate alcohol intake may reduce the risk (though heavy consumption absolutely and clearly increases damage to bodily systems significantly); a similarly confused connection between low dose alcohol consumption and heart disease is termed the French Paradox.
There is inadequate evidence that eating foods of low glycemic index is clinically helpful despite recommendations and suggested diets emphasizing this approach.[36]
There are numerous studies which suggest connections between some aspects of Type II diabetes with ingestion of certain foods or with some drugs. Some studies have shown delayed progression to diabetes in predisposed patients through prophylactic use of metformin,[35] rosiglitazone,[37] or valsartan.[38] In patients on hydroxychloroquine for rheumatoid arthritis, incidence of diabetes was reduced by 77% though causal mechanisms are unclear.[39] Breastfeeding may also be associated with the prevention of type 2 of the disease in mothers.[40] Clear evidence for these and any of many other connections between foods and supplements and diabetes is sparse to date; none, despite secondary claims for (or against), is sufficiently well established to justify as a standard clinical approach.
Treatment and management
Main article: Diabetes management
Diabetes mellitus is currently a chronic disease with no cure. Medical emphasis must necessarily be on managing/avoiding possible short-term as well as long-term diabetes-related problems. There is an exceptionally important role for patient education, dietetic support, sensible exercise, self monitoring of blood glucose, with the goal of keeping both short-term and long-term blood glucose levels within acceptable bounds. Careful control is needed to reduce the risk of long term complications. This is theoretically achievable with combinations of diet, exercise and weight loss (type 2), various oral diabetic drugs (type 2 only), and insulin use (type 1 and for type 2 not responding to oral medications, mostly those with extended duration diabetes). In addition, given the associated higher risks of cardiovascular disease, lifestyle modifications should be undertaken to control blood pressure[41] and cholesterol by exercising more, smoking less or ideally not at all, consuming an appropriate diet, wearing diabetic socks, wearing diabetic shoes, and if necessary, taking any of several drugs to reduce blood pressure. Many type 1 treatments include combination use of regular or NPH insulin, and/or synthetic insulin analogs (e.g., Humalog, Novolog or Apidra) in combinations such as Lantus/Levemir and Humalog, Novolog or Apidra. Another type 1 treatment option is the use of the insulin pump (e.g., from Deltec Cozmo, Animas, Medtronic Minimed, Insulet Omnipod, or ACCU-CHEK). A blood lancet is used to pierce the skin (typically of a finger), in order to draw blood to test it for sugar levels.
In countries using a general practitioner system, such as the United Kingdom, care may take place mainly outside hospitals, with hospital-based specialist care used only in case of complications, difficult blood sugar control, or research projects. In other circumstances, general practitioners and specialists share care of a patient in a team approach. Optometrists, podiatrists/chiropodists, dietitians, physiotherapists, nursing specialists (e.g., DSNs (Diabetic Specialist Nurse)), nurse practitioners, or Certified Diabetes Educators, may jointly provide multidisciplinary expertise. In countries where patients must provide their own health care (i.e., in the developed world, the US, and in much of the undeveloped world), the impact of out-of-pocket costs of adequate diabetic care can be very high. In addition to the medications and supplies needed, patients are often advised to receive regular consultation from a physician (e.g., at least every three to six months).
Oral administration of aloe vera might be a useful adjunct for lowering blood glucose in diabetic patients as well as for reducing blood lipid levels in patients with hyperlipidaemia. Ten controlled clinical trials were found to reach that conclusion in four independent literature searches. However, caveats reported in each study led the researchers to conclude that aloe vera's clinical effectiveness was not yet sufficiently defined in 1999.[42]
Peer support links people living with diabetes. Within peer support, people with a common illness share knowledge and experience that others, including many health workers, do not have. Peer support is frequent, ongoing, accessible and flexible and can take many forms—phone calls, text messaging, group meetings, home visits, and even grocery shopping. It complements and enhances other health care services by creating the emotional, social and practical assistance necessary for managing disease and staying healthy
History
The term diabetes (Greek: διαβήτης, diabētēs) was coined by Aretaeus of Cappadocia. It was derived from the Greek verb διαβαίνειν, diabaínein, itself formed from the prefix dia-, "across, apart," and the verb bainein, "to walk, stand." The verb diabeinein meant "to stride, walk, or stand with legs asunder"; hence, its derivative diabētēs meant "one that straddles," or specifically "a compass, siphon." The sense "siphon" gave rise to the use of diabētēs as the name for a disease involving the discharge of excessive amounts of urine. Diabetes is first recorded in English, in the form diabete, in a medical text written around 1425. In 1675, Thomas Willis added the word mellitus, from the Latin meaning "honey", a reference to the sweet taste of the urine. This sweet taste had been noticed in urine by the ancient Greeks, Chinese, Egyptians, Indians, and Persians. In 1776, Matthew Dobson confirmed that the sweet taste was because of an excess of a kind of sugar in the urine and blood of people with diabetes.[83]
Diabetes mellitus appears to have been a death sentence in the ancient era. Hippocrates makes no mention of it, which may indicate that he felt the disease was incurable. Aretaeus did attempt to treat it but could not give a good prognosis; he commented that "life (with diabetes) is short, disgusting and painful."[84]
Sushruta (6th century BCE) identified diabetes and classified it as Medhumeha.[85] He further identified it with obesity and sedentary lifestyle, advising exercises to help "cure" it.[85] The ancient Indians tested for diabetes by observing whether ants were attracted to a person's urine, and called the ailment "sweet urine disease" (Madhumeha). The Korean, Chinese, and Japanese words for diabetes are based on the same ideographs (糖尿病) which mean "sugar urine disease".
In medieval Persia, Avicenna (980-1037) provided a detailed account on diabetes mellitus in The Canon of Medicine, "describing the abnormal appetite and the collapse of sexual functions and he documented the sweet taste of diabetic urine." Like Aretaeus before him, Avicenna recognized a primary and secondary diabetes. He also described diabetic gangrene, and treated diabetes using a mixture of lupine, trigonella (fenugreek), and zedoary seed, which produces a considerable reduction in the excretion of sugar, a treatment which is still prescribed in modern times. Avicenna also "described diabetes insipidus very precisely for the first time", though it was later Johann Peter Frank (1745-1821) who first differentiated between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.[86]
Although diabetes has been recognized since antiquity, and treatments of various efficacy have been known in various regions since the Middle Ages, and in legend for much longer, pathogenesis of diabetes has only been understood experimentally since about 1900.[87] The discovery of a role for the pancreas in diabetes is generally ascribed to Joseph von Mering and Oskar Minkowski, who in 1889 found that dogs whose pancreas was removed developed all the signs and symptoms of diabetes and died shortly afterwards.[88] In 1910, Sir Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer suggested that people with diabetes were deficient in a single chemical that was normally produced by the pancreas—he proposed calling this substance insulin, from the Latin insula, meaning island, in reference to the insulin-producing islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.[87]
The endocrine role of the pancreas in metabolism, and indeed the existence of insulin, was not further clarified until 1921, when Sir Frederick Grant Banting and Charles Herbert Best repeated the work of Von Mering and Minkowski, and went further to demonstrate they could reverse induced diabetes in dogs by giving them an extract from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans of healthy dogs.[89] Banting, Best, and colleagues (especially the chemist Collip) went on to purify the hormone insulin from bovine pancreases at the University of Toronto. This led to the availability of an effective treatment—insulin injections—and the first patient was treated in 1922. For this, Banting and laboratory director MacLeod received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923; both shared their Prize money with others in the team who were not recognized, in particular Best and Collip. Banting and Best made the patent available without charge and did not attempt to control commercial production. Insulin production and therapy rapidly spread around the world, largely as a result of this decision. Banting is honored by World Diabetes Day which is held on his birthday, November 14.
The distinction between what is now known as type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes was first clearly made by Sir Harold Percival (Harry) Himsworth, and published in January 1936.[90]
Despite the availability of treatment, diabetes has remained a major cause of death. For instance, statistics reveal that the cause-specific mortality rate during 1927 amounted to about 47.7 per 100,000 population in Malta.[91]
Other landmark discoveries include:[87]
Identification of the first of the sulfonylureas in 1942
Reintroduction of the use of biguanides for Type 2 diabetes in the late 1950s. The initial phenformin was withdrawn worldwide (in the U.S. in 1977) due to its potential for sometimes fatal lactic acidosis and metformin was first marketed in France in 1979, but not until 1994 in the US.
The determination of the amino acid sequence of insulin (by Sir Frederick Sanger, for which he received a Nobel Prize)
The radioimmunoassay for insulin, as discovered by Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson (gaining Yalow the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)[92]
The three-dimensional structure of insulin (PDB 2INS)
Dr Gerald Reaven's identification of the constellation of symptoms now called metabolic syndrome in 1988
Demonstration that intensive glycemic control in type 1 diabetes reduces chronic side effects more as glucose levels approach 'normal' in a large longitudinal study,[93] and also in type 2 diabetics in other large studies
Identification of the first thiazolidinedione as an effective insulin sensitizer during the 1990s
In 1980, U.S. biotech company Genentech developed human insulin. The insulin is isolated from genetically altered bacteria (the bacteria contain the human gene for synthesizing human insulin), which produce large quantities of insulin. Scientists then purify the insulin and distribute it to pharmacies for use by diabetes patients.
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetis
Posted by HaNn at 7:21 AM 0 comments
Wednesday, July 22, 2009
Gadjet
GeForce is a brand of graphics processor units (GPUs) designed by Nvidia. As of 2009, there have been eleven iterations of the design. The first GeForce products were discrete GPUs designed for use on add-on graphics boards, intended for the high-margin PC gaming market. Later diversification of the product-line covered all tiers of the PC graphics market, from cost-sensitive motherboard-integrated GPUs to mainstream add-in retail-boards. Most recently, Geforce technology has been introduced into Nvidia's line of embedded application processors, designed for electronic handhelds and mobile handsets.
With respect to discrete GPUs, found in add-in graphics-boards, Nvidia's GeForce and ATI'sRadeon GPUs are the only remaining competitors in the high-end market. With the recent announcement of Larrabee, Intel has stated its intention to (eventually) compete in the same high-end GPU market as AMD and NVidia.
Along with its nearest competitor, the AMD (ATI) Radeon, the Geforce architecture is moving toward GPGPU (General Purpose-Graphics Processor Units.) GPGPU is expected to expand GPU-based acceleration beyond the traditional gaming and multimedia software, to content creation software such as image manipulation and video postprocessing, and high-performance computing (data analysis, scientific modeling.)
Generations
GeForce 256
Launched on August 31, 1999, the GeForce 256 (NV10) was the first PC graphics chip with hardware transform, lighting, and shadingalthough 3D games utilizing this feature did not appear until later. Initial GeForce 256 boards shipped with SDR SDRAM memory, and later boards shipped with faster DDR SDRAM memory.
Launched in April 2000, the first GeForce2 (NV15) was another high-performance graphics chip. Nvidia moved to a twin texture processor per pipeline (4x2) design, doubling texture fillrate per clock compared to GeForce 256. Later, Nvidia released the GeForce2 MX (NV11), which offered performance similar to the GeForce 256 but at a fraction of the cost. The MX was a compelling value in the low/mid-range market segments and was popular with OEM PC manufacturers and users alike.
Launched in February 2001, the GeForce3 (NV20) introduced DirectX 8.0 programmable pixel shaders to the GeForce family. It had good overall performance and shader support, making it popular with enthusiasts although it never hit the midrange price point. A derivative of the GeForce3, NV2A, was developed for the Microsoft Xbox game console.
Launched in February 2002, the high-end GeForce4 Ti (NV25) was mostly a refinement to the GeForce3. The biggest advancements included enhancements to anti-aliasing capabilities, an improved memory controller, a second vertex shader, and a manufacturing process size reduction to increase clock speeds. Another "family member," the budget GeForce4 MX, was based on the GeForce2, with a few additions from the new GeForce4 Ti line. It targeted the value segment of the market and lacked pixel shaders.
Officially launched in November 2002, the GeForce FX (NV30) was a huge change in architecture compared to its predecessors. The GPU was designed not only to support the new Shader Model 2 specification but also to perform well on older DirectX 7 and 8 titles. However, initial models suffered from weak floating point shader performance and excessive heat which required two-slot cooling solutions. Products in this series carry the 5000 model number, as it is the fifth generation of the GeForce, though Nvidia marketed the cards as GeForce FX instead of GeForce 5 to show off "the dawn of cinematic rendering".
Launched in April 2004, the GeForce 6 (NV40) added Shader Model 3.0 support to the GeForce family, while correcting the weak floating point shader performance of its predecessor. It also implemented high dynamic range imaging and introduced SLI (Scalable Link Interface) and PureVideo capability.
The 7th generation GeForce (G70/NV47) was launched in June 2005. The design was a refined version of GeForce 6, with the major improvements being a widened pipeline and an increase in clock speed. The GeForce 7 also offers new transparency supersampling and transparency multisampling anti-aliasing modes (TSAA and TMAA). These new anti-aliasing modes were later enabled for the GeForce 6 series as well.
A modified version of GeForce 7800GTX called the RSX 'Reality Synthesizer' is used as the main GPU in the PlayStation 3 from Sony.
Released on November 8, 2006, the 8th generation GeForce (G80 originally) was the first ever GPU to fully support DirectX 10. Built on a brand new architecture, manufactured in 80 nm, it has a fully unified shader architecture. Originally just the 8800GTX, the GTS was released months into the product line's life, and it took nearly 6 months for mid-range and OEM/mainstream cards to be integrated into the 8-series. The Die-shrink down to 65 nm and a revision to the G80 design, codenamed G92, were implemented into the 8 series with the 8800GS, the 8800GT, and 8800GTS-512. First released on October 29, 2007, almost one whole year after the initial G80 release.
The first product was released on February 21, 2008.Not even four months elder than the initial G92 release, all 9-series designs, both currently-out and speculated, are simply revisions to existing late 8-series products. The 9800GX2 uses two G92 GPUs, as used in later 8800 cards, in a dual PCB configuration while still only requiring a single PCI-Express 16x slot. The 9800GX2 utilises two separate 256-bit memory busses, one for each GPU and its respective 512MB of memory, which equates to an overall of 1GB of memory on the card (although the SLI configuration of the chips necessitates mirroring the frame buffer between the two chips, thus effectively having the memory performance of a 256-bit/512MB configuration). The later 9800GTX features a single G92 GPU, 256-bit data bus, and 512MB of GDDR3 memory. Prior to the release, no concrete information was known except officials claiming the next generation products having close to 1 TFLOPS performance while the GPU cores still being manufactured in the 65 nm process, and reports about Nvidia downplaying the significance of DirectX 10.1.
On March 2009, several sources have reported that nVidia has quietly launched a new series of its flagship GeForce products, designated GeForce 100 Series, which consists of rebadged 9 Series parts. The only official source of information on GeForce 100 Series at this time is "nVidia GeForce Family" web page and corresponding product pages.According to this web page, GeForce 100 products are not available for individual purchase.
Based on the GT200 graphics processor consisting of 1.4 billion transistors, the 200 series was launched on 16 June 2008.The next generation of the GeForce series takes the card-naming scheme in a new direction, by replacing the series number (such as 8800 for 8-series cards) with the GTX or GTS suffix (which used to go at the end of card names, denoting their 'rank' among other similar models), and then adding model-numbers such as 260 and 280 after that. The series features the new GT200 core on a 65nm.The first products were the GeForce GTX 260 and the more expensive GeForce GTX 280.
According to reports, the GT300 series will support DirectX 11 and Shader Model 5.0, and introduce GDDR5 memory support to the GeForce family. It is expected to be fabricated on 40 nm process, with a target release at the end of 2009.
Posted by HaNn at 5:27 PM 0 comments
Labels: Nvidia Geforce
com got problem again...
my com got problem again...cant play...sien lorr~~~~
haiz...ee zhen so wan solo wit other ppl...so haolian le...but me cant play...arghh!!!
Posted by HaNn at 4:32 AM 0 comments
Wednesday, July 1, 2009
taken from feizai8808's blog
纪念~麦可杰升(注:去世于2009年.6月.26号,享年50岁)
[编辑] 成長歷程
1960 年代與1970年代他以杰克逊5人组乐队(初期稱為 Jackson Five,轉公司後改為 The Jacksons)的主唱开始了他的音乐历程,并于1979年开始了个人独唱生涯,最終成為歷史上最成功的歌手之一。至今,他已在全世界销售了约7.5亿 张唱片,他的《戰慄》(Thriller)專輯更是音樂史上銷量最高的唱片,全球销量超過1.04亿张,成为人类史上至今销量最高的一张专辑。傑克遜一般 被與貓王、披頭四兩組歌手並列為流行樂史上最偉大的不朽象徵,並被誉为“流行音乐之王”(King of Pop)。傑克遜演唱事业的成功使他获得了全世界众多歌迷的支持与喜爱,包括他的歌曲和标志性的舞步。然而,近年來媒体更感兴趣的却是他肤色的变化和怪僻 的生活方式。
傑克遜曾获得许多音乐奖项,包括18届格林美奖。他在美国共创造了13首冠军单曲。单曲《Thriller》的音乐录影带被 誉为全世界“最伟大的音乐录影带”之一,并在音乐录影带的艺术性上“前进了一大步”。MTV台和滚石杂志最近将他的四首歌曲《Billie Jean》(第5名)、傑克遜5人组的《I Want You Back》(第9名)、《Beat It》(第23名)及《Rock with You》(第82名)选入“有史以来最受欢迎的100首流行歌曲”阵容。
除了他在音乐上辉煌的成就,傑克遜还被斯里兰卡的《星期日时报页 面星期日时报 (斯里兰卡)并不存在,英语维基百科对应页面为The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)。》称为“慈善之王”,直至2006年,捐款达三亿美元。[1][2] 伦敦时间2009年3月5日,出席新闻发布会,宣布复出。并原定在7月8日[3],开始复出演唱会。唯其於美国西部时间2009年6月25日因心脏突然停 止跳動陷入深度昏迷并被送往医院,后于下午宣告抢救无效死亡,终年50歲[4]。
[编辑] 家庭背景
傑克遜1958年出 生于印地安那州盖瑞市的一个黑人家庭中[5],其父约瑟夫·杰克逊和母亲凯瑟琳有9个孩子,麥可排行第七。整个家庭包括兄姊瑞比、杰基、提托、杰梅因、拉 托雅和马龙,及弟妹兰迪和珍妮特.[6],他们住在一所极小的两居室裡,杰克逊的父亲在一家钢厂工作并住在厂裡。杰克逊和他的兄弟姐妹们都说他们的父亲对 孩子非常苛刻,而且经常打骂他们。在一次电视采访中被问到这个情况时,杰克逊竟情绪失控哭泣起来。
杰克逊的兄弟姐妹们从小便对音乐表现出浓厚的兴趣,这使得他们的父亲日后产生了“造星”的念头,希望他们能在音乐界有所造诣。
[编辑] 音乐历程
[编辑] 杰克逊5人组乐队和摩城唱片公司
1960 年代中期,杰克逊5兄弟杰基、提托、杰梅因、马龙和迈克尔在父亲的组织下成立了演唱蓝调音乐的“杰克逊5人组”(Jacksons 5)。这个组合以迈克尔作为主唱,通过在俱乐部和酒吧演唱在美国中西部地区迅速崛起,甚至在纽约哈莱姆的阿波罗剧院举行的业余歌唱比赛中也获得了成 功。(据说如果他们如果演出失败就会遭到父亲的打骂。[5])1967年,杰克逊5人组与本地的钢城唱片公司(Steeltown Records)签订了第一张唱片合约,并且有了一支地区打榜歌曲《Big Boy》。
杰克逊5人组在1968年由 Gladys Knight & the Pips 和 Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers 发掘,并把他们带进摩城唱片(Motown Records)[5][7]。1969年,唱片公司总裁贝瑞·高蒂将他们从钢城唱片公司买出,乐队正式签约摩城唱片公司。高蒂随即把杰克逊家庭迁到洛杉 矶,并开始了他的造星计划。1969年秋,杰克逊5人组由戴安娜·罗斯引荐给公众,并在摩城的大型娱乐节目中首次表演。乐队的前4支单曲《I Want You Back》(1969年)、《ABC》、《The Love You Save》、及,I'll Be There》(1970年)先后成为冠军单曲[8]。后来的打榜歌曲还包括:"Mama's Pearl"、"Never Can Say Goodbye" (1971年)、"Lookin' Through the Windows" (1972年)、"Get It Together" (1973年)和"Dancing Machine"(1974年)。杰克逊5人组的大部分打榜歌曲都由摩城公司制作,动用了众多的歌曲作者和唱片制作人,包括高蒂、弗雷迪·佩伦、埃尔丰 祖·米泽尔和狄克·理查兹等。
在摩城唱片公司,杰克逊5人组发行了14张专辑,并且迈克尔作为独唱歌手发行了4张个人专辑。在他的个人专 辑中,打榜歌曲包括《Got to Be There》 (1971年,首张个人专辑)、《Rockin' Robin》、《I wanna Be Where You Are"》及冠军歌曲《Ben》(均在1972年发行)。
[编辑] 杰克逊乐队和埃佩克唱片公司
1976 年,杰克逊兄弟与哥伦比亚唱片公司签订了协议[5],先加入费城国际部,后来又转到该唱片公司旗下的埃佩克唱片公司(Epic Records)[9]。与哥伦比亚广播电台的新协议为他们提供了在摩城唱片公司所没有的更有创造性的自由和更大的版税。离开摩城唱片公司,他们失去了使 用“杰克逊5人组”的名字以及标志的权利[10],再加上杰梅因娶了贝瑞·高蒂的女儿黑兹尔后,他选择了留在摩城公司做歌手。乐队改名“杰克逊乐队 ”(The Jacksons),并且让兰迪顶替了杰梅因在乐队中的位置[11]。杰克逊兄弟继续了他们的辉煌,在1976年到1984年间,他们不断参加巡回演出并 发行了6张专辑。这段时期的打榜歌曲包括《Enjoy Yourself》、《Show You The Way To Go》(1976年)、《Find Me A Girl》 (1977年)、《Blame It On The Boogie》 (1978年)、《Shake Your Body (Down To The Ground)》(1979年)、《Can You Feel It?》、《Heartbreak Hotel》[12](1980年)、《Torture》和《State of Shock》(1984年)。
1978 年,杰克逊与戴安娜·罗斯一起出演电影《新绿野仙踪》中的角色,并且结识了电影的音乐制作人昆西·琼斯,他后来制作了杰克逊的三张经典的个人专辑:《牆 外》(Off the Wall),《戰慄》(Thriller)和《飆》(BAD)。发行于1979年的《墙外》专辑,产生了4首Top10歌曲并在美国卖出了700万张。
[编辑] 辉煌的独唱生涯
[编辑] 《牆外》专辑 Off The Wall
迈 克尔·杰克逊1979年的专辑《牆外》(Off The Wall,或译:瘋狂)一发行即大受欢迎。单曲“Rock With You”和“Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough”及其录影带更是屡登冠军单曲宝座[8]。另一首抒情歌曲“She's Out Of My Life”在1980年也杀进排行榜前十名。该专辑发行一年内全球销量超过1000万张,在美国专辑榜中逗留了84周之久[13],成为杰克逊音乐生涯中 的重要转折。
20世纪80年代,杰克逊发行了一系列的制作精良的音乐专辑。在这段音乐电视的“黄金时期”裡,他的一些音乐电视实际上就是电影短片,有设计完整的故事情节,令人难忘的特效以及他独有的舞步。
[编辑] 《顫慄》专辑 Thriller
杰 克逊的《顫慄》(Thriller)专辑发行于1982年,其中有7首单曲进入过美国流行音乐排行榜的前十名,打破了多项唱片记录并迅速狂銷于全世界(到 2005年止,全球售出超过6000万张),成为音乐史上最暢銷的唱片。其中“Billie Jean”的音乐电视成为了首部在 MTV 频道播放的由黑人歌手表演的视频节目。单曲“Thriller”的录影带长达13分钟,成为当时各大电视台争相播放的音乐录影带,短片《迈克尔·杰克逊 “Thriller”的制作过程》成为了当时最为热销的家庭录影。这张专辑占据美国音乐排行榜冠军位置37周,并在专辑榜内停留长达122周之久,更是歷 史上唯一連續兩年拿下年度冠軍的唱片。如今在美国,它被鉴定为27白金唱片[14];在英国也获得11白金认证[15]。专辑中的“Billie Jean”和“Thriller”以及“Beat It”三首音乐电视作品,已经成为MTV频道历史上最重要的三支音乐录影带。专辑中的另外两首单曲“Human Nature”和“P.Y.T.(Pretty Young Thing)”虽然没有音乐电视作品,也依然非常流行。
1983年5月16日,当在参加“摩城唱片25周年:昨天,今天,永远”的电视特别节目演出时,杰克逊第一次在公众面前表演了“月球漫步”舞步(后来他的标志性的舞步动作),震惊全场。
1984 年1月,杰克逊获得美国音乐大奖的9项提名并创记录性的赢得8项奖项(这个记录一直到1994年才被惠特尼·休斯敦《保镖》原声带专辑打破)。在2月举行 的葛莱美奖中,杰克逊获得12项提名并创造了8个奖项的纪录(1999年被卡洛斯·桑塔纳的专辑《超自然》追平),其中7项授予《顫慄》专辑,一项授予他 的自述《ET外星人故事书》。5月,《顫慄》专辑被《金氏世界纪录大全》认定为空前的最佳销量流行音乐唱片。
同年,杰克逊还获得了“有色人种民权促进协会”颁发的自由勋章;在白宫接受美国总统罗纳德·雷根颁发的特殊成就奖;11月,在好莱坞的星光大道上留下他的手印。
2007年,顫慄專輯發行滿25年推出25週年紀念專輯,依舊造成超高銷售量。
[编辑] 单曲 "We Are The World"
1985 年,受到英国“Band Aid”活动的启发,杰克逊参与组织并与莱昂纳尔·里奇共同创作了单曲《天下一家》(We Are the World)。《天下一家》旨在声援向非洲饥民捐款的大型慈善活动“美国援非”,由44位歌手所共同演唱,包括哈里·贝拉方特、辛迪·劳博尔、黛安娜·罗 斯、雷·查尔斯、史提夫·汪达等。这张单曲在美国狂销700万张,成为空前最佳销量单曲(直到1997年才被艾尔顿·约翰的《风中之烛》所超过)。
1986 年,杰克逊参与演出了乔治·卢卡斯和弗朗西斯·福特·科波拉执导的3D影片《伊奥船长》,这部影片在迪士尼主题公园中一直播放到1998年。在当时,它是 制作费用最为昂贵的影片,耗资达1700万美元。这部影片中的两首歌曲分别为 "We Are Here To Change The World" 和 "Another Part Of Me"。
[编辑] 《飆》专辑 BAD
1987年, 杰克逊发行了唱片《飆》,并开始了第一次全球巡演。次年,杰克逊发行影片《月球漫步》以及一系列的同名自传。
《飆》 专辑是杰克逊的又一次巨大成功。它的歌曲和音乐电视"I Just Can't Stop Loving You", "Bad", "The Way You Make Me Feel", "Man In The Mirror", "Dirty Diana", "Another Part Of Me", "Smooth Criminal" 和 "Leave Me Alone" 再一次全面流行。专辑中唯一一首不流行的歌曲是 "Liberian Girl",到现在为止是他的最不常见的单曲。无论如何,杰克逊创造了一张专辑产生6首冠军单曲的历史奇迹。在美国发行的7支单曲中,前5首均荣登 “Billboard TOP 100”榜的冠军宝座,"Another Part Of Me" 曾排名第11位(Billboard 蓝调歌曲榜冠军),"Smooth Criminal" 获得第7名。这张专辑在美国共售出800万张,全球销量达2900万张。
1989年,MTV频道授予杰克逊“十年先锋音乐录影带艺人奖”;1990年,杰克逊被哥伦比亚唱片公司评为“当代最伟大的艺人”;同年4月,布什总统在白宫为杰克逊颁发“十年最佳艺人奖”。
《危险之旅》专辑 Dangerous
1991 年,杰克逊创记录性的与索尼唱片公司签订了高达8亿9千万美元的天价合约并发行了新专辑《危险之旅》(Dangerous)。在“危险之旅”世界巡演中, 杰克逊宣布成立他的“治癒世界基金”成立。《危险之旅》专辑包括 "Who Is It", "Give In To Me", "Gone Too Soon"(为年轻的艾滋病受害者瑞恩·怀特所作),和随后成为电影《人鱼的童话》主题曲的 "Will You Be There" 等单曲及其音乐电视。不过专辑中最为成功和流行的单曲为 "Jam", "Remember The Time", "Black Or White", "In The Closet", 以及 "Heal The World"。由于已经成为杰克逊的一种标准,专辑中歌曲的录影带在当时是最富有创意和制作最为昂贵的音乐电视作品。 "Give In To Me" 中邀请枪与玫瑰乐队的 Slash 参加演出;"Heal The World" 则是为了配合杰克逊自己的同名慈善组织所作;"Will You Be There" 中杰克逊以电影《人鱼的童话》为背景演唱。其它的许多音乐电视作品有很强的故事性和令人眼花缭乱的舞步,以及名星的参与。在 "Jam" 的音乐电视中,杰克逊和篮球巨星迈克尔·乔丹一起打篮球和跳舞;在 "Remember The Time" 中喜剧明星艾迪·墨菲则饰演一位埃及国王,试图取悦她的妻子(由名模伊曼扮演),篮球明星“魔术师”约翰逊扮演国王的侍卫,在长达7分钟的录影带中,杰克 逊又唱又跳最终取得了伊曼的欢心;杰克逊与纳奥米·坎贝尔在 "In The Closet" 中排演一对情侣。杰克逊对这张专辑抱有很大的期望,希望能在全球售出1亿张。但是在金曲榜中出现过一段时间后,专辑便跌出前十名,在美国只售出700万 张,全球售出2900万张。虽然这使得《危险之旅》专辑仅超过上一张专辑《真棒》的成绩成为他的销量第二佳的唱片,但是距离售出1亿张唱片的目标却很遥 远。
1993年,杰克逊先后获美国音乐奖“国际艺人大奖”、“葛莱美传奇奖”、“年度人道主义奖”及世界音乐大奖颁发的3项大奖。
[编辑] 单曲《Black Or White》
在 所有流行专辑的音乐录影带中,"Black Or White" 恐怕是迄今为止被播放次数最多、最为流行的了。原版的录影长度超过10分钟,耗资超过400万美元,于1991年11月14日在MTV, VH1, BET, 和 ABC 等各大频道公映,成为了他的历史上被观看次数最多的音乐电视作品。录影中以童星麦考利·卡尔金饰演的一个小杰克逊迷和他的父亲(乔治·温德饰)的故事开 始,他的父亲训斥他把音乐的声音调低,但以卡尔金的脾气,他决定把巨大的音箱弄进客厅并把音量调到最大,结果巨大的音波把他的父亲穿过房顶冲入空中,这个 方式有点像早期的音乐电视 Twisted Sister 中的手法。他的父亲最后在中部非洲落地,随后 "Black Or White" 的音乐响起,杰克逊开始了他的环球旅行,从一个国家到另一个国家,从一种文化到另一种文化。在歌曲的结尾,录影运用了一种“变形”特技,不同种族的人们 (包括名模泰拉·班克斯和配音演员克里·莎莫)的脸从一张变换到另一张,作为全球大一统的象征。虽然这不是第一支运用变形技术的音乐电视作品,前 10cc 的成员 Godley & Creme 在1985年他们的歌曲 Cry 中曾更广泛的运用过这种技术。不管怎么说,这是大多数观众第一次看到这种技术的运用,许多人为之所深深震惊。由于电脑技术的发展,如今这种变形技术已经广 泛的应用于音乐电视的制作中,而且成本要远比上个世纪90年代初要低得多。
完整版的“Black or White”的录影带在歌曲结束后仍然继续了4分钟,在这段时间裡面,杰克逊不但展示了他“有名”的胯下抚摸动作,砸碎了商店的玻璃(写有“KKK RULES”),还用一根铁棒砸坏了一辆汽车(车窗上有纳粹卐等种族歧视意味的喷涂)。美国当红卡通剧《辛普森一家》裡的主人翁巴特·辛普森和荷马·辛普 森亦在影片中客串。然而,杰克逊的狂躁不安以及胯下动作使许多看过录影带首映的家长们很是震惊。MTV 以及其他的电视台不得不将最后4分钟剪掉,杰克逊还向受到冒犯的观众做出了“检讨”。如今,“Black or White”录影带的最后4分钟在美国 MTV2 台播放时,只能在凌晨1点到4点这段时间,播放“最受争议音乐录影带”节目时才播出。当然,完整版的录影带在杰克逊的音乐DVD裡都找得到。几年前,欧洲 VH1电台曾经在白天播放过完整版的录像,不过现在已经删除了。
[编辑] 《历史之旅》专辑 HIStory
《历史之 旅》(HIStory,又译:他的历史)双碟专辑发行于1995年,第一碟的15首歌是他过去热门歌曲的精选,第二碟包括15首新歌。新专辑在美国产生了 2首新的冠军单曲和音乐录影带:与他的妹妹珍妮特·杰克逊合唱的“Scream”,该单曲的带有未来科幻色彩的音乐录影带花费了近700万美元,成为造价 最高的音乐录影带;另一支单曲“You Are Not Alone”,刚发行便登上 Billboard榜的榜首,在音乐录影带中杰克逊当时的妻子莉莎·普雷斯利也参与演出。专辑中的其它歌曲:“Childhood”、“Earth Song”、“Stranger In Moscow”和“They Don't Care About Us”在美国反响平平,却在欧洲大受欢迎。"Earth Song" 是关于保护环境的,"Childhood" 则是电影《人鱼的童话续集》的主题曲,"They Don't Care About Us" 推出时它的具有争议性的歌词引起了很大轰动,因为它涉及到了反犹太的社会问题。这导致美国MTV台和VH1台不得不把它禁播了,尽管它在无线电台节目中广 受欢迎。专辑中除 "Scream" 单曲外,其它的歌曲似乎在美国不是很流行。这在杰克逊看来整张专辑是失败的,尽管在2004年这张专辑卖了1800万张。本来杰克逊希望它能整个夏天都停 留在榜首位置的,但它仅打榜2周就悄然无声了。不过,这张专辑在英国却大受欢迎,"Earth Song" 打榜6周并卖出超过100万张
《赤色風暴》专辑 Blood On The Dance Floor
1997 年,杰克逊发行了《赤色風暴》专辑,这张专辑是上张专辑《历史之旅》中几首歌曲的重新混音版,另外包括5首新歌,此专辑成为销量最好混音专辑。专辑中的唯 一一首单曲的正式录影带,即主打歌"Blood On The Dance Floor",在美国依然不如在欧洲受欢迎。后来,杰克逊又制作了 "Ghosts" 录影带,长达40分钟,包括 "Ghosts" 、 "2 Bad"(Too Bad) 以及 "Is It Scary" 三首歌。此外,录影带还有一支长达1小时的版本,作为 MTV 和 VH1 台的万圣节商业影片播出。
2001年,杰克逊作为独唱歌手被引荐进美国摇滚名人殿堂。
[编辑] 《萬夫莫敵》专辑 Invincible
2001 年,杰克逊制作成本最昂贵的专辑《萬夫莫敵》发行。专辑刚发行便荣登 Billboard TOP200 榜榜首,在美国卖出了200万张,全球1200万张。虽然数字很惊人,但与杰克逊以前的专辑和专辑的制作费用相比似乎不尽人意。以前的专辑中,杰克逊发行 6支单曲,大部分在全世界都广受欢迎。《萬夫莫敵》专辑在美国推出 "You Rock My World" 和 "Butterflies" 单曲,第三支单曲 "Cry" 在欧洲发行。"You Rock My World" 进入美国流行音乐榜前十名,仅停留了一周的时间,它的14分钟的录影带仅在 MTV, VH1, MTV2, 和 BET 几个电视台播出,并且通常只播出5分钟长度的版本。"Butterflies" 在美国打榜前20名,在 R&B 榜上排名第二,但并没有进入流行音乐榜前十名。2002年末,《萬夫莫敵》专辑的销量不尽人意,杰克逊责怪唱片公司的高层托米·莫特雷因为知道他不会与唱 片公司续约故意毁灭这张专辑,说他是“种族主义者”[16],形容他为“魔鬼”。
2002年6月,杰克逊入主创作名人堂。2002年11月,杰克逊在柏林获得“2002年德国千年Bambi奖”,以承认他世界“最伟大的流行歌手”的地位。这个奖项是德国最具权威的奖项之一,表彰包括从经济到影视,从政治到体育等不同领域的杰出人物。
[编辑] 单曲 "One More Chance"
2003 年11月21日,杰克逊发行了一首新歌“One More Chance”,这是他的精选集《独一无二》(Number Ones)中的唯一的一首新歌。这首歌曾登上Billboard榜的蓝调单曲销售榜冠军宝座3周。这首歌的录影带也是使用了电影蒙太奇拍摄手法,并准备在 CBS电视台的特别节目“独一无二的迈克尔·杰克逊”中播出,但因为案件而取消。
[编辑] 《This Is It》個人演唱會
2009 年3月6日,麥可傑克森宣布將於7月在倫敦舉行一系列復出演唱會,這將是他超過10年來首次舉行大型演出。他證實,將自7月8日起在倫敦宏偉的02體育場 (02 Arena)公演10場。據報導,這次演唱會75萬張門票在開售後4個半小時內給搶購一空,創下流行音樂史上最高紀錄。
但據報 導,米高積遜4月22日在洛杉磯Cedars-Sinai醫院,據說正是為檢查皮膚癌,當日接載他的司機更牽涉入一宗發生在醫院門外的交通事故中。有說他 的主診醫生是畢業於劍橋的馬斯(Ralph Massey),美容及皮膚癌方面的權威。米高接受測試後發現他上身有皮膚癌的迹象,而他臉上的癌細胞指數亦高,知情人士透露:「米高起初有點擔心,但後 來醫生肯定的告訴他有得醫,而且會痊癒;他很期待7月的個唱,希望親自與歌迷會面,所以他很堅持治療要配合他的演唱會工作,一切將如期舉行。」
但隨著演唱會主角於2009年6月25日往生,原訂於2009年7月13日的演唱會被迫中斷。
[编辑] 梦幻庄园
杰 克逊一度住在位于加利福尼亚州聖巴巴拉縣的梦幻庄园(Neverland Valley Ranch)裡,這是依据童话《小飞侠》中的神奇王国命名的樂園,方圆2600英亩。2003年12月,他说在被警察搜查后,那裡已没有了家的感觉,现在 只时不时回去看看。他后来住在加州贝弗利山庄一座月租7万美元的房子裡。2005年他回到了梦幻庄园出庭应讯[17]。2005年6月被证无罪后,他辗转 中东诸国,从巴林到阿曼[18]到阿联酋[19],最后于2006年6月开始在爱尔兰[20]的一个城堡生活并录制新歌。2006年底回到美国,一直住在 拉斯维加斯[21]。杰克逊喜欢儿童和动物,和包括从残疾儿童到童星的许多小孩保持着友好的关系,他认为他们不像成年人那么复杂,不會经常对他作出负面判 断。他曾邀请许多儿童到他的庄园玩耍,也曾为孩子们举办了很多有趣的活动,包括许多慈善捐款。
杰克逊最爱的消遣娱乐是和儿童玩耍,例如用 灌水气球和水枪打水仗,一同驾驶高尔夫球车(孩子们还常被允许亲自驾驶),蒸汽小火车和其他庄园中的工具,以及和小朋友长时间的电话聊天。他还曾与儿童露 营(据称多是男孩)。但是2005年时杰克逊称他认为自己的行为在公众眼中可能被视为不合社会规范,会造成他性虐待的嫌疑并成为攻击对象,因此他将不再这 样做。
杰克逊在梦幻庄园抚养了一只黑猩猩,名叫巴伯斯,他对其珍爱有佳,与其说是把它当成宠物不如说是作为一个朋友。巴伯斯发育成熟后被移居出庄园,理由是因为成年黑猩猩强壮而具有危险性。
杰克逊喜欢爬树,据称他在梦幻庄园中一棵最爱的树上创作了多首乐曲,他把树称为“给予之树”,因为他认为此树能给他带来灵感。
2008年11月,正式消息出现MICHAEL已将Neverland Valley Ranch 卖给了Sycamore Ranch LLC 。
[编辑] 明星朋友
杰 克逊的名人朋友包括:昆西·琼斯、戴安娜·罗斯、瑞克·詹姆斯、亚瑟、马龙·白兰度、X JAPAN的團長YOSHIKI、喜剧明星史蒂夫·哈维、克里斯·塔克、女演员伊丽莎白·泰勒及曾经的童星埃曼纽·刘易斯和麦考利·卡尔金。泰勒和卡尔金 还是杰克逊的孩子普里兹·迈克尔和帕里斯的教母教父。他的朋友还包括魔术师乌力·杰勒、及与他共同成立“治癒世界”和“救治儿童”基金会的慈善活动家、犹 太教教士波迪治。迈克尔也是莱昂纳尔·里奇继女尼科尔·里奇的教父。
[编辑] 整容风波
杰克逊的容貌与肤色自出道以来发 生了巨大的变化。他自己声明做过3次手术:2次整鼻手术(第一次是为了修整1978年跳舞时受伤的鼻子,第二次是为了修正第一次手术的瑕疵)和一次植皮手 术(因一次拍廣告燒傷頭部)。有人批评说他的整形手术以及流传的“皮肤漂白”事件是为了掩盖他非洲裔美国人的血统。但是法医鉴定杰克逊只是使用了很多化妆 品来掩盖身上由白癜风所致的病斑而已。
[编辑] 婚姻生活
1994年,杰克逊和猫王的女儿莉莎·普雷斯利结婚。这段婚姻 持续了不到两年,最终以离婚告终。1996年,他与黛比·罗结婚,这时他已经有了儿子普里斯·迈克尔和女儿帕里斯·凯瑟琳。最后他们在1999年离婚。罗 后来说,她把孩子当作“礼物"送给了杰克逊。她放弃了抚养权,但2005年又要求法庭给予探视的权利。
2002年左右,杰克逊有了第二个 儿子普里斯·迈克尔二世,又叫“毯子”,孩子母亲是代孕者,身份尚未透露。2002年底,杰克逊在德国柏林响应歌迷的要求,在阳台上抱着“毯子”与歌迷打 招呼,却没有留意到手臂已经越过围栏,引起了巨大的争议。杰克逊为此发表声明道歉[22]。孩子们的脸总是带着面具或包着纱巾,杰克逊说那是为防止绑架而 采取的安全措施。
在2003年10月杰克逊的父母许诺:如果杰克逊远离他的儿子,他们将会照看这3个孩子。2004年3月,作为在调停时 的一个把柄,杰克逊和黛比·罗的未婚同居关系被证实。2004年,新闻又说杰克逊已经是经过人工受精而来的四胞胎之一的父亲。这个母亲则被人认为是一个“ 痛苦的演员” 但是,杰克逊强有力的否定了这些断言。
据谣传在2003年杰克逊已经有了另外一个17岁大的儿子叫迈克尔·约瑟夫·杰克逊,但这很显然是恶意的谣言。
2006年7月3日,前妻黛比·罗向洛杉矶高等法院起诉杰克逊,指控他2003年10月起停止向她支付离婚时答应支付的费用。[23]最后,2006年9月,双方达成和解。[24]
[编辑] 驟逝
2009 年6月25日下午(美國西岸時間6月24日),洛杉磯時報突然報導迈克尔·杰克逊的死訊。迈克尔·杰克逊在加州洛杉磯荷爾貝山租賃的住處中突然昏倒。杰克 逊的私人醫生在發現後試圖急救[25],隨後洛杉磯消防隊於12:21(UTC-8)接到911通知,十分鐘後趕到,當時杰克逊已無呼吸,急救隊員給予 CPR急救。約一小時後,杰克逊被送往加州大學洛杉磯分校醫療中心,杰克逊心跳已停止,陷入重度昏迷,于美国西部时间下午2:26宣告死亡[4],终年 50歲。死亡原因則目前未明,需待法醫檢驗。
洛杉磯警方對此事件高度重視,此案已移交給洛杉磯的驗屍官單位,因此沒有醫生簽屬死亡證明[25]。杰克逊的屍體已經由直升機運送到洛杉磯博伊爾高地的驗屍官檢查所。 在杰克逊死亡之前,他已安排好50場演唱會,演唱會宣傳期間,杰克逊曾做出退休聲明[26]。
[编辑] 其他
杰克逊拥有索尼唱片ATV[27]的50%的音乐版权,包括披头士乐队、利特尔·理查德、猫王等歌手。2005年5月,他被牵连到此类版权问题的官司中。同时,杰克逊还拥有Mijac唱片公司,并拥有他自己所有歌曲的版权。
杰克逊曾录制了一支单曲 What More Can I Give,邀请了很多名人合唱,目的是为九一一恐怖袭击事件筹集捐款。但是,这首歌从来没有发行过,原因是制作人马克·斯查菲尔是同性恋色情录影的制作人。
2002 年10月,美洲银行证实其在该行的贷款金额高达2.725亿美元。同月,演唱会筹办商马塞尔·埃夫拉姆于加州圣玛丽亚地区法院起诉杰克逊,说他食言没有参 加多场演唱会,包括1999年12月31日晚到2000年1月1日的跨国际日期变更线举办的千禧年演唱会。杰克逊败诉。
2003年4月,影片《迈克尔·杰克逊的私人家庭电影》播出,片中表现出杰克逊与孩子们的天真无瑕的关系。[28]
杰克逊还与他的前金融顾问—韩国联合金融与投资公司有瓜葛,声称杰克逊由于面临破产问题而拖欠公司1200万的工资和开支。
杰 克逊在1993年和2003年分别两次受到儿童性侵害案件的困扰。2004年2月27日,杰克逊在科罗拉多州阿斯彭与他的儿童朋友度假看雪景时被警方盘 查。之前他曾在沃尔玛超市裡面戴着滑雪面具购物,店员发现此可疑情况后报警。但是这个事件并不严重,警察在察看了他的身份证明之后让他离去。之后,杰克逊 继续受到各种流言的困扰,并且部分地与他的案件有关。2004年1月[29],于加州圣玛丽亚开庭的“杰克逊被控伤害儿童及其他侵害调查”提讯中,他否认 了所有控告。2005年1月,审判开始[30]。在长达五个月的审判后,6月13日,法院宣判杰克逊所有罪名均不成立。
杰克逊的衣服右臂常有個臂環,據本人表示是為了紀念世界各地的孩童。
人生..是一种折磨,但可以是以种享受...的人生之路有值得开心的事,但也有不如人意的事...所以....想怎样做就怎样做...反正都是人生..只不过看能不能过得了自己这关..
English edition
First of all, the first star for the death of one minutes condolences .... Micheal Jackson (MJ) in the 80-90 age is a shining star. The following is his life ~ '
[Edit] Growth
The 1960s and 1970s, his band Jackson 5 group (referred to as the early Jackson Five, later renamed the company to The Jacksons) the lead singer began his musical journey, and in 1979 began a solo career, personal, and ultimately in history One of the most successful singers. So far, he has sold in the world about 750 million records, his "trembling" (Thriller) Music album is the highest in the history of record sales, global sales of more than 104 million, becoming the highest sales so far in human history album. General Jackson was with Elvis Presley, the Beatles were as a pop singer in the history of the immortal symbol of the greatest, and as the "King of Pop" (King of Pop). Jackson sang the success of the cause of his many fans around the world support and love, including his signature song and dance. However, in recent years the media was more interested in his color change, and eccentricity of the way of life.
Jackson has received many music awards including 18 Grammy Award session. He has created in the United States a total of 13 singles titles. Single "Thriller" music video around the world as "the greatest music video" one of the art in the music video of "a big step forward." MTV and Rolling Stone magazine recently Desk his four songs "Billie Jean" (No. 5), Jackson 5 group "I Want You Back" (No. 9), "Beat It" (No. 23) and "Rock with You" (No. 82) selected "the history of the 100 most popular pop music" lineup.
In addition to his brilliant achievements in music, Jackson has also been Sri Lanka's "Sunday Times, Sunday Times page (Sri Lanka) does not exist, the corresponding English Wikipedia page for The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka). "Known as the" King of Charity ", until 2006, the contributions of 300 million U.S. dollars. [1] [2] London, March 5, 2009 to attend the news conference to announce comeback. And scheduled for July 8 [3], the beginning of comeback concerts. Only time in the western United States June 25, 2009 due to sudden cardiac arrest in a deep coma and was taken to hospital, after the afternoon announcement died, aged 50 years old [4].
[Edit] Family Background
Jackson was born in 1958, Gary Indiana, a city of black families [5], his father Joseph and mother Katherine Jackson has nine children, Michael ranked seventh. The whole family, including elder than Rui, Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, LaToya, and Marlon, and younger siblings Randy and Janet. [6], they live in a small room两居Jackson father in a steel work and live in the factory. Jackson and his brothers and sisters that their father is very harsh on children, and often abuse them. In a television interview when asked about the situation, Jackson was crying with emotion.
Jackson's brothers and sisters in music from an early age showed a keen interest in making the future their father had "made stars" of the idea and hope that they can be accomplished in the music industry.
[Edit] Music history
[Edit] Jackson 5 Motown group the band and record company
The mid-1960s, Jackson 5 brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon and Michael's father set up a concert organized by R & B music, "Jackson 5 Group" (Jacksons 5). The combination of Michael as lead singer by performing in clubs and bars in the United States the rapid rise of the central and western regions, and even in New York Harlem's Apollo Theater amateur singing contests have also been successful. (It is said that if they would have been if the failure to perform his father's scolding. [5]) In 1967, the Jackson 5 group with local record companies Frank (Steeltown Records) signed a contract first album, and has a district belongs song "Big Boy".
Jackson 5 group in 1968 by Gladys Knight & the Pips and Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers to explore, and took them into Motown Records (Motown Records) [5] [7]. In 1969, the record company president Berry Gaudi their record company to buy from the steel city, the band officially signed Motown Records. Gaudi was the Jackson family moved to Los Angeles, and began his plans to build stars. The autumn of 1969, Jackson 5 Diana Ross group are introduced to the public, and Motown's first large-scale entertainment performances. 4 ex-band single "I Want You Back" (1969 years), "ABC", "The Love You Save", and, I'll Be There "(1970 years) has become the title song [8]. Later songs also include the Animals: "Mama's Pearl", "Never Can Say Goodbye" (1971 years), "Lookin 'Through the Windows" (1972 years), "Get It Together" (1973) and "Dancing Machine" (1974). Jackson 5 The majority of group belongs Motown songs produced by the use of a large number of songs the author and record producer, including Gaudi,弗雷迪佩伦, el祖米泽尔and Dick Fung Richards and so on.
Motown record company in the Jackson 5 group released 14 albums, and Michael as a solo singer released a solo album 4. In his personal album, Animals songs including "Got to Be There" (1971, the first solo album), "Rockin 'Robin", "I wanna Be Where You Are" "and the title song" Ben " (both issued in 1972).
[Edit] Jackson埃佩克band and record company
In 1976, the Jackson Brothers and Columbia Records signed the agreement [5], first joined the International Department of the Philadelphia, and later transferred to the record company's埃佩克record company (Epic Records) [9]. CBS Radio and the new agreement to provide them with the Motown record company do not have more creative freedom and greater royalties. Leaving Motown Records, they have lost the use of "group Jackson 5" name and logo right [10], along with Jermaine married Berry Gaudi Hazel's daughter, he chose to remain in Motown singer companies. The band was renamed "Jackson Band" (The Jacksons), and let Randy Jermaine replace the position in the band [11]. Jackson brothers to continue their glory, in 1976 and 1984, they continued to participate in the tour and released six albums. This period, including the Animals song "Enjoy Yourself", "Show You The Way To Go" (1976 years), "Find Me A Girl" (1977 years), "Blame It On The Boogie" (1978) and " Shake Your Body (Down To The Ground) "(1979 years)," Can You Feel It? "," Heartbreak Hotel "[12] (1980 years)," Torture "and" State of Shock "(1984 years).
In 1978, Jackson and Diana Ross starred in the film with the "New Wizard of Oz" in the role and get to know the film's music producer Quincy Jones, who later produced Jackson's classic album 3: " outside the wall "(Off the Wall)," Panic "(Thriller) and" whirlwind "(BAD). Issued in 1979, the "wall" album, produced four songs Top10 and sold in the United States 7000000.
[Edit] brilliant solo career
[Edit] "outside the wall" album Off The Wall
Michael Jackson's 1979 album, "wall" (Off The Wall, or the translation: crazy) that is a very popular issue. Single "Rock With You" and "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough" and the video is the song title repeated throne Deng [8]. Another ballad "She's Out Of My Life" in 1980, also reached the Top 10. The album sold a year worldwide more than 10 million, to stay in the U.S. album chart 84 weeks [13], Jackson music career to become an important turning point.
20th century 80's, Jackson issued a series of well-made album. During this music video of the "golden period", his music video is in fact a number of short films, there is the design of a complete story, impressive special effects as well as his unique dance.
[Edit] "tremble" Thriller album
Jackson's "trembling" (Thriller) album in 1982, including seven singles enter the U.S. pop music charts top ten, breaking the record number of records in the world狂销quickly (to 2005 ended, the world's more than 60 million sold), to become the best-selling music album in the history. One of "Billie Jean" music video has become the first channel in the MTV broadcast performances by the Afro-pop video. Single "Thriller" video up to 13 minutes, becoming each other's major television stations broadcast music videos, short film "Michael Jackson" Thriller "production process" has become the most popular at the time of the home video. The album title to occupy the location of the U.S. music charts 37 weeks, and stay in the album list as long as long as 122 weeks, it is only the history of the annual championship for two consecutive years of record win. Today in the United States, it has been identified as 27-platinum [14]; in the United Kingdom has also been certified platinum 11 [15]. Album "Billie Jean" and "Thriller" and "Beat It" music video three works, the history channel MTV has become the most important three music videos. Album of the other two songs "Human Nature" and "PYT (Pretty Young Thing)" Although there is no music video work, is also still very popular.
May 16, 1983, when taking part in "the 25th anniversary of Motown Records: Yesterday, today, forever" television special program performance, the Jackson first performed in public before, "Moon Walk" dance (he later signs of dance moves), shocked the audience.
In January 1984, Jackson won the American Music Awards nominations and nine of winning a record eight awards (the record until 1994, was Whitney Houston "Bodyguard" soundtrack album to break). Held in February at the Grammy Awards, Jackson received 12 nominations and eight awards have created a record (1999 was Carlos Santana's album "supernatural" tie), which awarded seven "shiver" album, an award of his own words "ET alien story book." In May, "trembling" album by "Guinness World Records" as the best ever pop music album sales.
同年,杰克逊还获得了“有色人种民权促进协会”颁发的自由勋章;在白宫接受美国总统罗纳德·雷根颁发的特殊成就奖;11月,在好莱坞的星光大道上留下他的手印.
In 2007, tremble album launch over 25 years to commemorate the 25th anniversary album, still resulted in ultra-high sales.
[Edit] single "We Are The World"
In 1985, by the United Kingdom "Band Aid" was inspired activities, Jackson participated in the organization and with the Leonard Ehrlich's co-created the single "We Are the World" (We Are the World). "We Are the World," aimed at solidarity with hungry people in Africa contributed to the large-scale charity event "The U.S. non-assistance", the 44 singers performed together, including Harry Belafonte, Cyndi Lauper,黛安娜罗斯, Lei Charles, Stevie Wonder and so on. This single in the United States狂销7,000,000 and become the best selling single ever (until 1997, was Elton John's "Candle in the Wind" by over).
In 1986, Jackson to participate in the performance of the George Lucas and Francis Ford Coppola directed the 3D film "Captain Olungu," the film in the Disney theme park has been broadcast in 1998. At that time, it is the most expensive production costs of films, a cost of 17 million U.S. dollars. The film two songs for "We Are Here To Change The World" and "Another Part Of Me".
[Edit] "Biao" album BAD
In 1987, Jackson released an album "whirlwind" and the beginning of the first global tour. The following year, Jackson issued the movie "moon walk" as well as the autobiographical series of the same name.
"Biao" Jackson album is another great success. Its songs and music videos "I Just Can't Stop Loving You", "Bad", "The Way You Make Me Feel", "Man In The Mirror", "Dirty Diana", "Another Part Of Me", " Smooth Criminal "and" Leave Me Alone "full pop again. The only album of a popular song "Liberian Girl", up to now is his most unusual song. In any case, Jackson has created an album produced six singles champion historical miracle. In the United States issued seven singles, the former top five were "Billboard TOP 100" list of the title, "Another Part Of Me" has been ranked No. 11 (Billboard top R & B song title), "Smooth Criminal" access to the first seven. The album sold in the United States a total of eight million, global sales of 29 million.
In 1989, MTV Channel granted Jackson "music video pioneer artists Decade Award"; in 1990, Jackson was Columbia Records as "the greatest contemporary artists"; in April the same year, President Bush at the White House for Jackson issued a "Decade of Best Artist Of The Year. "
"Dangerous trip" album Dangerous
In 1991, a record of Jackson and Sony Records signed a 800 million up to 9 of the 10 million U.S. dollars contract price and distribute the new album, "Journey dangerous" (Dangerous). In the "dangerous trip" in the world tour, Jackson announced the formation of his "cure the world's Fund" set up. "Dangerous trip" album, including "Who Is It", "Give In To Me", "Gone Too Soon" (for young victims of AIDS by瑞恩怀特), and subsequently became the film "a fairy tale mermaid" theme The song "Will You Be There", such as singles and music videos. But the most successful album and pop singles for the "Jam", "Remember The Time", "Black Or White", "In The Closet", and "Heal The World". Because Jackson has become a standard, a video album of songs was the most creative and the production of the most expensive music video work. "Give In To Me" in the invitation of the band guns and roses Slash to participate in the performance; "Heal The World" while Jackson is in line with their own charitable organizations made by the same name; "Will You Be There" in Jackson in the movie "Mermaid fairy tale" as the background singing. Many other music video work has a strong story and dazzling dance steps, as well as the participation of stars. In the "Jam" music television in Jackson and basketball star Michael Jordan playing basketball and dancing together; in the "Remember The Time" Eddie Murphy star in the comedy as an Egyptian king is trying to please his wife (by the model Iman play), basketball star "Magic" Johnson to play the king's bodyguard, as long as seven minutes in the video, singing, dancing Jackson made the ultimate favor Iman; Jackson and Naomi Campbell in the " In The Closet "a pair of lovers in the rehearsal. Jackson on this album have great expectations, hoping to sell in the global 100 million. However, top hits, there were some time after the album will be out of the top ten in the United States sold only seven million, 29 million sold worldwide. While this makes "the risk of trip" on the album just over an album, "terrific" performance of the sales of his second best album, but from the 100 million records sold in the very distant goal.
In 1993, the Jackson American Music Awards has been "International Artist Award", "Grammy Legend Award", "the annual Humanitarian Award" and the World Music Awards presented three awards.
[Edit] single "Black Or White"
In all popular music video album, "Black Or White" probably the highest number so far has been broadcast, the most popular. The length of the original recording of more than 10 minutes, costing more than four million U.S. dollars, in November 14, 1991 in MTV, VH1, BET, and ABC and other major channels for public exhibition, as he viewed the history of music video number of works . Child star Macaulay video in利卡尔Kim Jackson as a small fan and his father (George Wendell Berry) began the story, his father scolded him to reduce the voice of music, but Carl Kim temper, He decided to get into a huge living room speakers and the volume to maximum, resulting in a huge sound wave to his father through the roof into the air, a bit like the way early in the Twisted Sister music video approach. His father eventually landed in Central Africa, followed by "Black Or White" the music sounded, Jackson began his world tour, from one country to another, from one culture to another culture. At the end of songs, video using a "deformation" Effects of different races of people (including Tyra Banks, model and voice actor克里莎莫) transformation from a face to another, as a global a symbol of unification. Although this is not the first use of the music video deformation technology works, the former 10cc members Godley & Creme in 1985, their song Cry had a wider range of use of such technology. In any case, this is the first time the majority of the audience to see the use of this technology, many of the people deeply shocked. As a result of the development of computer technology is now such a deformation has been widely used in the production of music videos, and costs than the last century to the early 90s to be much lower.
The full version of "Black or White" video in the song continues after the end of 4 minutes, during this period of time inside, Jackson has not only demonstrated his "famous"胯下touch of action, smashing the glass shop (written "KKK RULES"), with an iron bar was also damaged a car (there are windows卐Nazi spraying means, such as racial discrimination). The United States a popular cartoon show "The Simpsons" and荷马辛普森masters巴特辛普森and also a guest in the film. However, Jackson's manic anxiety and many saw action胯下video premiere of the parents was a shock. MTV and other television stations had to cut off the final four minutes, Jackson also to be made to offend the audience, "review." Today, "Black or White" video of the final four minutes to play in the United States when the Taiwan MTV2, only 1:00 to 4:00 this period, the play "the most controversial music videos" program when the broadcast. Of course, the full version of Jackson's music video in the DVD where all find. A few years ago, VH1 Europe radio broadcast during the day had been a complete version of the video, but has now been deleted.
[Edit] "Historical Tour" album HIStory
"Historical Journey" (HIStory, also translated: his historical) DualDisc album in 1995, the first disc is 15 songs of his popular songs of the past selection, and the second disc includes 15 new songs. New album in the United States have had a new champion 2 singles and music videos: with his sister Janet Jackson chorus of "Scream", the single color with the next sci-fi music video after spending nearly 700 million, to become the highest cost of music videos; another single, "You Are Not Alone", has just issued it on top of Billboard chart in the music video of Jackson's wife was also莉莎普雷Leslie to perform. Other songs album: "Childhood", "Earth Song", "Stranger In Moscow" and "They Don't Care About Us" flat response in the United States, but popular in Europe. "Earth Song" is about the protection of the environment, "Childhood" is the movie "Mermaid fairy tale sequel" the theme song, "They Don't Care About Us" launched its controversial lyrics have caused a great sensation as it relates to the anti-social problems. This has led to the United States MTV and VH1 Taiwan Taiwan have banned it, although it is in the wireless popular radio program. In addition to album "Scream" single, the other songs seem not very popular in the United States. This whole album seems Jackson is a failure, even though this album in 2004 sold 18 million. Jackson hopes that it will have all summer to stay in the top position, but it belongs only two weeks on the silent. However, this album is very popular in the United Kingdom, "Earth Song" belongs six weeks and sold more than one million
"Red Storm" album Blood On The Dance Floor
In 1997, Jackson issued a "Red Storm" album, this album is the album "history tour" of several songs re-mix version, and includes five new songs, this album became the best selling mixer album. Album only a single formal video, that is title track "Blood On The Dance Floor", in the United States is still not as popular in Europe. Later, Jackson also produced "Ghosts" video, as long as 40 minutes, including "Ghosts", "2 Bad" (Too Bad), and "Is It Scary" Song 3. In addition, there is a video version up to 1 hour, as MTV and VH1 stations Halloween commercial video broadcast.
In 2001, Jackson as a solo singer was introduced into the U.S. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
[Edit] "万夫莫敌" Invincible album
In 2001, Jackson, the production costs of the most expensive album, "万夫莫敌" issue. Album has just issued Billboard TOP200 list will be crowned as the top, sold in the United States two million, 12 million worldwide. Although the figures are alarming, but with Jackson before the album and album seems unsatisfactory compared to production costs. Previous album, Jackson issued six singles, most of the popular all over the world. "万夫莫敌" album in the U.S. launch of "You Rock My World" and "Butterflies" song, the third single, "Cry" issue in Europe. "You Rock My World" into the U.S. pop top 10, only stayed for a week, it's only 14 minutes of video in the MTV, VH1, MTV2, and BET broadcast on several television stations and broadcast only version of the length of five minutes. "Butterflies" belongs in the U.S. top 20 in the R & B ranked second, but did not enter the top 10 pop music. The end of 2002, "万夫莫敌" unsatisfactory album sales, Jackson blamed the record companies because of the high-level托米莫特雷know that he will not renew their contracts with record companies album deliberately destroyed, said he was "ethnic who "[16], described him as" the devil. "
June 2002, Jackson entered the Creative Hall of Fame. In November 2002, Jackson was in Berlin "Germany in 2002 the Millennium Bambi Award" in recognition of his world "the greatest pop singer of" status. The award is Germany one of the most authoritative awards, including recognition from the economic to the film and television, from politics to sports and other outstanding figures in different fields.
[Edit] single "One More Chance"
November 21, 2003, Jackson released a new song "One More Chance", which he selected set "unique" (Number Ones) in only one new song. This song has been on Billboard R & B singles chart three weeks top sales list. This song is the use of a video montage of film shooting practices, and television in the CBS special "unique Michael Jackson" in the broadcast, but canceled because the case.
[Edit] "This Is It" personal concert
March 6, 2009, Jackson announced in July will be held in London in a series of comeback concerts, which will be his first time in more than 10 years, large-scale performances. He confirmed that will be July 8 in the 02 magnificent stadium in London (02 Arena) stage 10. It has been reported that the 750,000 concert tickets in the open after four to sold out within half an hour, setting a record in the history of popular music.
However, according to reports, Michael Jackson on April 22 in Los Angeles Cedars-Sinai Hospital, reportedly is to examine the skin cancer, the same day his driver to pick up more involved in occurred in a traffic accident outside the hospital. We are told that the doctor he is a graduate of Cambridge, Maas (Ralph Massey), beauty and an authority on skin cancer. After the test-meter-high upper part of the body have found signs of skin cancer, but he also face a high index of cancer cells, an informed source: "meters high at first a bit worried, but the doctor told him something positive medicine, but will recover ; he was looking forward to个唱of July, I hope to meet in person with the fans, he is adhering to his treatment of the concert to tie in with the work, all will be held as scheduled. "
However, with the main concert in June 25, 2009 death, originally scheduled for July 13, 2009 was forced to interrupt the concert.
[Edit] Dream House
Jackson was living in California, Santa Barbara County Dream House (Neverland Valley Ranch), this is based on fairy tale "Peter Pan" in the name of the Magic Kingdom theme park, area of 2600 acres. December 2003, he said that after a search by the police, there is no sense of home, and now only go back and look at from time to time. He later lived in a Beverly Hills, California 70000 U.S. dollars per month and the house. In 2005 he returned to the Dream House to appear in court [17]. June 2005 was evidence of innocence, he was removed in the Middle East countries, from Bahrain to Oman [18] to the United Arab Emirates [19], and finally in June 2006 in Ireland [20], a castle to live and record new songs. Back to the United States by the end of 2006, has been living in Las Vegas [21]. Jackson likes children and animals, and including children with disabilities to the child from the many children to maintain friendly relations, he considered that, unlike adults, they are less complex and will not often make negative judgments against him. He has invited many children to play with his estate, have organized for the children a lot of interesting activities, including a number of charitable donations.
Jackson is the favorite entertainment and children's play, for example, water balloon and water gun fight水仗, along with driving a golf cart (the children also often allowed to drive), steam trains and other manor of tools, as well as children lengthy telephone chat. He has also camping and children (mostly boys allegedly). But when in 2005 Jackson stated that he thought that his behavior in the eyes of the public may be regarded as social norms, this will result in his sexual abuse of suspects and have become the targets of attack, so he will no longer do so.
Jackson Manor in the custody of a dream chimpanzees,名叫巴伯斯, he has cherished for their good, not so much as a pet it is better to say that as a friend. Mature巴伯斯was moved to a manor, on the grounds that because adult chimpanzees have a strong and dangerous.
Jackson likes to climb trees, he was allegedly in the Dream House in a favorite tree created a number of pieces of music, he called the tree "to give the tree" because he believed the tree to give him inspiration.
In November 2008, the official news MICHAEL there Neverland Valley Ranch has been sold to Sycamore Ranch LLC.
[Edit] star friends
Jackson's celebrity friends include: Quincy Jones, Diana Ross,瑞克詹姆斯, Arthur, Marlon Brando, X JAPAN, head of the YOSHIKI, comedian Steve Harvey, Chris Tucker, actress Elizabeth Taylor and former child star Emmanuel Lewis and Macaulay利卡尔gold. Taylor and Kim Carr or Michael Jackson's child Prydz godmother and godfather of Paris. His friends also includes Gerard Orgen magician, and with him to set up a "cure the world" and "where children" Charitable Foundation activists, rabbis rule波迪. Michael Leonard Ehrlich's step-daughter is also the godfather of尼科尔里奇.
[Edit] plastic storm
Jackson's appearance and color from the debut since great changes have taken place. Statement of his own surgery done 3 times: 2 times the entire nasal surgery (the first time in 1978 in order to trim the nose of dance injuries, and the second amendment to the flaw in the first surgery) and a skin graft surgery (due to burn a film advertising head). There are criticisms that his plastic surgery, as well as the spread of "skin bleaching" events in order to hide his African-American descent. However, only the use of forensic Jackson a lot of cosmetics to cover up the body of the lesion caused by vitiligo only.
[Edit] married life
In 1994, Jackson and Elvis Presley's daughter married莉莎普雷. This marriage lasted less than two years, which will eventually end in divorce. In 1996, he married Debbie Law, when he had his son and daughter Paris Michael Preece Catherine. Finally, they divorced in 1999. Law later said the child as her "gift" given to the Jackson. She gave up custody, but in 2005 asked the court to grant visitation rights.
Around in 2002, Jackson had a second son, Michael Price II, also known as "blanket" the surrogate mother is the child who has not yet disclosed the identity. By the end of 2002, Jackson fans in Berlin, Germany, in response to the request, on the balcony with "blanket" and greet his fans, but had not noticed that the arm has to cross the fence, causing a huge controversy. Jackson issued a statement apologizing for this purpose [22]. Children were always with the face mask or scarf wrapped, Jackson said it was to prevent the kidnapping of the security measures taken.
In October 2003 in Jackson's parents promised: If Jackson away from his son, they will take care of these three children. In March 2004 as a handle at the time of mediation, and Debbie Jackson of unmarried cohabitation Law was certified. In 2004, the news that Jackson has gone through artificial insemination, one from the father of quadruplets. That the mother was a "painful actor" However, Jackson's strong denial of the claim.
According to rumors in 2003, Jackson has been a 17-year-old son named Michael Joseph Jackson, but this is obviously malicious rumors.
July 3, 2006, ex-wife Debbie Los Angeles, the High Court to prosecute Mr Jackson, accused him of starting in October 2003 to stop a divorce when she promised to pay the costs. [23] Finally, in September 2006, the two sides reached a settlement. [24]
[Edit] first evanescent
June 25, 2009 pm (U.S. West Coast time on June 24), Los Angeles Times reported the sudden death of Michael Jackson. Michael Jackson in Los Angeles, California rental accommodation Mountain荷尔贝suddenly collapsed. Jackson's personal physician attempts to aid in the discovery [25], followed by the fire department in Los Angeles, 12:21 (UTC-8) received a 911 notice arrived after 10 minutes, then Jackson is no longer breathing, CPR first aid team to give first aid. About an hour later, Jackson was rushed to UCLA Medical Center, Jackson has stopped heart, a severe coma, in the western United States declared dead 2:26 pm [4], age 50 years. The cause of death is currently unknown, the department will await forensic examination.
Los Angeles Police attach great importance to this incident, the case has been handed over to the Los Angeles coroner's unit, there is no doctor signed the death certificate [25]. Jackson's body had been transported by helicopter to Boyle Heights in Los Angeles coroner's examination. Died in Jackson, he has arranged 50 concerts during the concert publicity, Jackson has made a statement of retirement [26].
[Edit] Other
Jackson has a Sony music ATV [27] of 50% of the music copyright, including the Beatles, Little Richard, Elvis and other singers. May 2005, he was linked to the type of copyright issues in the lawsuit. At the same time, Jackson also has a record company Mijac and has all the songs of his own copyright.
Jackson has recorded a song What More Can I Give, a lot of celebrities invited to the choir for the purpose of the terrorist attacks of September 11 to raise contributions. However, the song has never been released because the producer Max Schaffel homosexual sex video producers.
In October 2002, Bank of America confirmed that the bank loan in the amount of up to 272,500,000 U.S. dollars. The same month, the concert organizers马塞尔埃夫拉姆in Santa Maria, California district court to prosecute Jackson, said he did not participate in more than to go back on concerts, including in December 1999 the evening of 31 to 1 January, 2000 inter - International Date Line, organized the new millennium concerts. Jackson lost.
April 2003, the movie "Michael Jackson's private home movies," broadcast, the film showed Jackson and the children of the relationship between the naive perfect. [28]
Jackson also worked with his former financial adviser - South Korea's Yonhap linked to financial and investment companies, claiming that Jackson is facing bankruptcy as a result of the company and 12 million in arrears of wages and expenses.
Jackson in 1993 and 2003, respectively, were two cases of child sexual abuse problem. February 27, 2004, Jackson, Aspen in Colorado with his children's friends to see snow at resort by the police questioning. Wal-Mart before he was wearing a ski mask inside the supermarket shopping, staff found a suspicious circumstances report to the police. However, this incident is not serious, the police in view of his identity after he left. After Jackson continued to be troubled by all kinds of rumors, and part of the case with him. January 2004 [29], Santa Maria court in California, the "Jackson was charged with violations of harm to children and other investigations" hearing, he denied all charges. In January 2005, the trial has begun [30]. The five-month trial, June 13, the court sentenced Jackson of all charges are unsubstantiated.
Jackson's clothes, often in the right arm of Arms band, as far as I said to mark the children around the world.
Posted by HaNn at 5:37 AM 0 comments
Labels: in memories of MJ








